Design of an Impulse-Debriefing-Spiral for Simulation Game Facilitation

Background. Simulation gaming sessions can be understood as a sequence of briefing, game play, and debriefing - with feedback loops iterative steps in between. Often, these are supported by facilitator, who organizes the session, sets learning goals, guides players through play ( Taylor, Backlund & Niklasson, 2012 ), which we call facilitation. Debriefing is vital part facilitation process, according to Crookall (2010) Kriz , it facilitates learning. Contrary many traditional models that locate phase at very end simulation conceptualize reflection moments during whole participants have opportunity reflect on their experiences, learnings. Facilitation process enabling address challenging situations make connections between real environment refers throughout session. Method Results. We analysed existing literature within Gaming journal. This review revealed approaches do not sufficiently consider changing needs session allow for direct what happening. Instead, large number focus post-action only. Moreover, our article often abstract only provide scarce practical recommendations. In addition review, draw conclusions from observations own work sessions. Based related work, propose new model facilitation, better connects Impulse-Debriefing-Spiral. Conclusions. holistic understanding helps facilitators when implementing games purposes. Our model, called Impulse-Debriefing-Spiral, conceptualizes role briefing starting its planning reacting emerging between, up closing last step before transferring knowledge competencies into context (learning transfer).